Majid Hosseini; Abbas Atapour; Seyed Aziz Karami; Abolfazl Khalilpour; Mohammad Roghani
Abstract
The water is life source and the main factor to human development. With increasing population and needs to food, day by day this needs to be evidence. Therefore, to prevent loosing this main source by planning should be done. One of the method to prevent from this lose is runoff control by micro catchments, ...
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The water is life source and the main factor to human development. With increasing population and needs to food, day by day this needs to be evidence. Therefore, to prevent loosing this main source by planning should be done. One of the method to prevent from this lose is runoff control by micro catchments, keeping the moisture andreduce evaporation from soil surface. In this research, in order to introduce the most suitable method to reduce the evaporation from soil surface, to increase the perennial duration of soil moisture, to determine the performance of different treatments and to compare between them, lozenge shape micro catchments was made in sloppy hill side.The main duty of these micro catchments is collecting and conducting the surface water toward the end of the micro catchments and infiltrating the water into the soil which plus the humidity increase at micro catchments down, has considerable effects on increasing the level of the underground water tables and reducing the erosion andsediment production. In this research in order to increase the runoff coefficient, were made 6 treatments and 3 replications at the end of surface micro catchments were isolated by plastic cover so that end of each one of them has been isolated with common and available materials such as greenhouse plastic, gravel and fine and coarse sand and to infiltrate in depth of soil, a filter with 50 cm depth and 15 cm diameter was used. Soilmoisture was measured and assessed in two depth 30 and 50 cm, during one year by TDR instrument. The result of research shows the treatment maximum or best treatment in purpose of soil moisture keeping in 30 cm depth is treatment b (plastic cover and gravel embankment) and in depth 50 cm are b, d (b+ with filter) treatments. The amount of keeping soil moisture resulted from kind of treatment than to control treatment in 30and 50 cm depths are 2.81% and 1.62% respectively. The result of monthly variance shows b and d are the best treatments with 95 percent confidence in compare with other treatments. Because of low differences between in two treatment due to keeping moisture, and easy able and low cost, therefore b treatment is selected.
Abbas Pourmeydani; Abolfazl Khalilpour; Hossein Tavakoli Neku; Mohammad Hassan Marefat
Volume 2, Issue 2 , July 2010, , Pages 95-101
Abstract
One of the important problems is erosion and soil degradation in watershed areas. Polymer usage is a way for both erosion control and soil and water conservation. In this research the effects of the BT53 polymer application for moisture storage in soil, reduction of runoff and erosion and prevention ...
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One of the important problems is erosion and soil degradation in watershed areas. Polymer usage is a way for both erosion control and soil and water conservation. In this research the effects of the BT53 polymer application for moisture storage in soil, reduction of runoff and erosion and prevention of loss soil are studied for 1998-2001. The research plan was CRBD and factorial method. First factor included polymer levels of 0, 2 and 4 gr/m2. Second factor included Secale montanum species planted and not-planted. After every rainfall event both runoff volume and sediment amount were measured. Analysis of variance showed there was significant difference between polymer levels and sediments amount (P<0.01). Compression of averages by Duncan's method in first factor showed all polymer levels fall in one group from runoff volume point of view, and in three groups based on sediment amounts. The most effect of polymer usage was on sediment amounts reduction rather than runoff. This means that polymer BT53 is suitable more for soil protection besides runoff reduction. Polymer level 1 had most amounts and polymer level 2 had least amounts of sediment. So application of polymer BT53 in level 2 (4 gr/m2) was suggested for sediment control. Polymer level 2 with non-planted treatment had least effects on runoff volume and sediment amounts among six treatments of polymer levels and planted or non-planted.
